What is Datatypes

Datatype

A datatype is a classification that specifies the type of value a variable can hold in programming. It defines the kind of data that can be stored and manipulated within a program, such as numbers, strings, or objects.

There are 2 types of datatypes -

Primitive Data-Types

Primitive data types are the most basic types of data that JavaScript supports.

1. String :

• Represents textual data.

• Enclosed in single quotes (’ ’), double quotes (” ”), or backticks (`) for template literals.

• Example :

let name = 'Yogita';
let greeting = "Hello, world!";
let message = `Welcome, ${name}!`;

2. Number :

• Represents numeric values.

• Includes integers and floating-point numbers.

• Example:

let age = 25;
let price = 19.99;

3. Boolean :

• Represents a logical entity and can have two values: true and false.

• Example:

let isActive = true;
let isCompleted = false;

4. Undefined

• A variable that has been declared but not assigned a value.

Example :

let notDefined;
console.log(notDefined); // undefined

5. Null :

• Represents the intentional absence of any object value.

Example :

let emptyValue = null;

6. Symbol :

• Introduced in ES6, represents a unique and immutable identifier.

Example :

let symbol1 = Symbol('description');
let symbol2 = Symbol('description');
console.log(symbol1 === symbol2); // false

7. BigInt :

• Introduced in ES2020, represents whole numbers larger than the Number type can safely represent.

Example :

let bigNumber = BigInt(1234567890123456789012345678901234567890n);

Non-Primitive Data-Types

Non-primitive data types, also known as reference types, include:

1. Object :

• Used to store collections of data and more complex entities.

• Example :

let person = {
  name: 'John',
  age: 30,
  isActive: true
};

2. Array :

• A special type of object used to store ordered collections.

• Example :

let numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];

3. Function :

• Functions are a special type of object callable with arguments.

• Example :

function greet(name) {
  return `Hello, ${name}!`;
}

4. Date :

• A built-in object for handling dates and times.

• Example :

let today = new Date();

5. RegExp :

• Regular expressions, used for pattern matching within strings.

• Example:

let regex = /hello/i;

6. Map and Set :

• Map: An object that holds key-value pairs and remembers the original insertion order of the keys.

• Example :

let map = new Map();
map.set('name', 'John');
map.set('age', 30);

• Set : An object that lets you store unique values of any type, whether primitive values or object references.

• Example :

let set = new Set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

Happy Coding Guys!!